Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare two different surface treatment methods (hydrofluoric acid, sandblastic abrasion) and one laser (Er:Cr:YSGG laser;Biolase) on the adhesion of a resin luting cement (Rely X; 3M ESPE) to lithium disilicate ceramic (Empress 2; Ivoclar). Methods: Empress 2 specimens with 5 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness were fabricated and embedded in acrylic resins (n=40). After finishing the specimen's surfaces with 1000 grid SIC paper, they were randomly assigned to 4 groups including hydrofluoric acid etching, sandblasting, laser, and control. In hydrofluoric acid etching (HF) group (n=10), the ceramic surface was treated with 5% hydrofluoric acid for 60 seconds whereas in the laser group (L) the ceramic surface was treated with 4.5 W pulsed laser application for 60 seconds. In sandblasting group (SB; n=10) 50 µm aluminium oxide particles were applied on the porcelain surfaces for 5 seconds. In control group (C; n=10)no surface treatment was performed. In each group, after application of ceramic primer (3M ESPE) and adhesive (Single Bond; 3M ESPE) on the ceramic surfaces, composite resin blocks (Z250; 3M ESPE) 3 mm in diameter and 4mm in height, were bonded with the resin luting cement to the ceramic surfaces. Then the bonded specimens were stored in distilled water for 24 hours at 37oC. Shear bond strengths were determined using an universal testing machine (Instron) at 1mm/min crosshead speed and then calculated to MPa. The data were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney-U tests. Results: Shear bond strengths of the groups were as follows: HF: 8,91±2,65A MPa; L:4,58±1,90B MPa ; SB: 3,88±1,08B MPa; C: 2,09±0,97C MPa. Capital letters showed significant differences. Conclusion: Hydrofluoric acid etching of the ceramic surface resulted in the highest bond strength of the resin luting cement to ceramic while laser application and sandblasting showed similar bonding.

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