Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long term results of dental implants augmented at local buccal bony dehiscence with GBR technique Methods: Test group included 29 endosseous implants (I.T.I. )placed in 28 patients with the use of GBR technique by mean of a polylactic acid membrane (Phusiline™) without autogenous bone graft or any bone substitute. Control group 1 included 22 implants placed in 5 of the same 28 patients without any GBR or bone graft. Control group 2 included 174 implants placed in another group of 120 patients without GBR or bone graft. Patients were recalled after 6 months and every year. The following parameters were investigated : implant survival, distance between implant shoulder and first bone contact ( DIB), height of keratinized mucosa (KM), distance between implant shoulder and gingival margin (DIM) . Results: The 3 groups were followed during a mean period of 7 years and 2 months. No statistical difference was found in implant survival rate : 100 % for test group, 95,5% for control 1, and 97,7 % for control 2. DIB was less important at t 0 in test group ( 1,4 mm ± 0,8) than in control 1 (2,3 mm ±0,5) and control 2 (2,4 mm ± 0,6) (p<0,05). It increased at 1 year (1,9 mm ± 0,6). At the end of the study, no more statistical difference was found for DIB value : 2,6 mm ± 0,9 in test group, 2,8 mm ± 0,4 in control 1, 2,7 mm ± 0,8 in control 2. No statistical difference was found in the three groups for DIM values or KM values. Conclusion: This study did not show any difference in survival rate between implants placed with or without GBR technique with PLA membranes.

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