Objectives:The cytokines, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b ) and tumor nekrozis factor alfa (TNF-¦Á) are key mediators of the inflammatory process in response to bacterial challenge in periodontal disease. The aim of this study was to analyse gene polymorphisms of IL-1b(+3954) and TNF-¦Á (-308) in a group of Turkish subjects based on their periodontal status, including chronic periodontitis (CP), aggressive periodontitis (AP) and healty groups. Methods: 39 patients with AP, 28 patients with CP and 27 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. PCR-RFLP tecnique was used to identify IL-1b(+3954) and TNF-¦Á (-308) genotype. Ficsher's exact test were used for statistical analysis. Results:Of the 68 subjects with periodontitis, 33 (%49.2) had TT (1,1) genotype; 22 (%32,8) had TC (1,2) genotype; 12 (%18) had CC (2,2) genotype, compared with 12 (%50), 6 (%25) and 6 (%25) in the control group respectively. No statistically significant difference in the genotype distribution is found between the two groups, altough the frequency of allele 2 was elevated in periodontitis group. (Fischer's exact test, p=0.639).The frequency of TC (1,2) genotype was found to be % 44,7 in the patients with aggresive periodontitis compared % 21,4 in patients with chronic periodontitis (p°Ü0.05).Of the 68 subjects with periodontitis, 36 (%53) had GG (1,1) genotype; 32 (%47) had GA (1,2) genotype; compared with 10 (%37), and 17 (%63) in the control group respectively. No statistically significant difference in the genotype distribution is found between the groups, altough the frequency of allele 2 was elevated in control group(Fischer's exact test, p=0.179). Conclusion: The results of this study provide evidence that IL-1b gene polymorphism is associated with severity and progression of periodontal disease. Future studies designed to asses cytokine polymorphisms in a broad population and different disease activities may explore the subject.

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