Objectives: The aim of study was to evaluate the prognosis for autotransplantation of impacted maxillary canine teeth with fully developed roots followed by endodontic treatment. Methods: Four impacted maxillary canines, which were impossible to be errupted orthodontically, with completely developed roots were chosen for autotransplantation to their actual positions. A mucogingival flap was elevated, alveoler bone covering the crown of the impacted canines was resected and the teeth were extracted carefully so as not to damage the healthy periodontal ligament remaining on the root surfaces. Root lengths were measured and extracted canines were kept in saline solution until they were autotransplanted. Artificial sockets were prepared by means of an implant drill as fast as possible. After preparing the sockets, extracted teeth were placed carefully to their actual positions At that point, if any root surfaces that are not facing the walls of prepared sockets are present, previously resected bone was used to restore that missing tissue. Autotransplanted canines were splinted to adjacent teeth for 2 weeks and root canal treatment was started 3 to 4 weeks later. Results: Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL) and radiographic examinations were performed 1. (radiographic examination alone), 3., 6., 12, 18., and 24. months postoperatively. All teeth were well maintained without any discomfort for the maintenance period of 24 months and no root resorption or ancylosis was observed radiographically. The highest PD score was 3.5mm and the higest CAL score was 3mm at last examinations. Conclusions:Autotransplantation of mature impacted maxillary teeth is a reasonable treatment alternative to conventional prosthetic rehabilitation or implant treatment from both a therapeutic and an economic point of view.

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