Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the temperature rise beneath 0.3 mm, 0.5 mm and 1 mm dentin disks during photo-polymerization of materials following three different restorative procedures (1: Light-curing calcium hydroxide (LCH)-(Calcimol LC) + Adhesive resin (AR)-(Prompt L Pop) + Composite resin (CR)-(TPH); 2: Chemical-curing calcium hydroxide (CCH) + AR + CR; 3: AR + CR). Methods: 120 dentin disks were prepared from extracted molar teeth. The dentin disks were placed in the apparatus developed for the measurement of temperature rise. The temperature rise during polymerization of materials in three different restorative procedures was measured. Results: The thickness of dentin disks significantly changed temperature rise during light curing of LCH, AR and CR (p<0.05). The highest temperature rises was observed beneath 0.3 mm dentin disks during photo-polymerization of LCH (10.1°C), AR (9.1°C) and CR (11.6°C). CCH and LCH liners beneath AR and CR significantly reduced the temperature rise during the photo-polymerization (p<0.05). But, LCR exceeded critical 5.6°C value for the pulpal health during photo-polymerization beneath all dentin disks. Conclusion: Polymerization of restorations without any lining caused temperature rise even more than critical value of 5.6°C for pulpal health. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of the potential thermal hazard to the dental pulp which might arise during photo-polymerization of resin restorative materials without any lining in deep cavities.

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