Objectives: Because the cement-retained implant denture has better external appearance and occlusal relation than the screw-retained implant denture, the cement-retained implant denture is used more and more widely. The specific purpose of this investigation was to compare the effect of two luting agents (zinc phosphate and glass-ionomer) used in clinic to cement-retained implant denture on stress distribution. Methods: A three-dimensional finite element(3-DFE)model of the right lower first molar was established. The vertical and buccal-lingual loads of 150N and 10N were applied on the occlusal surface of the implant denture model. Results: The similar Von Mises stress was found in the each part of the all implants, but despite what direction or magnitude the load was, the stress of every site in glass-ionomer was less than that in zinc phosphate. And the difference between the two agents was increasing from the top to the border of the abutment. Conclusion: The type of the luting agents had very little effect on stress levels and distribution of the implant. But glass-ionomer was more suitable to cement-retained implant denture because it had better property of resistance to fatigue than zinc phosphate.