The endodontic procedure generally performed to treat vital pulp of primary teeth is pulpotomy. However, such technique has been questioned on account of unsatisfactory clinical results as to the effectiveness and safety of the various medications used. Objectives: analyze the response of the Dentin-Pulp Complex induced by the Bone Morphogenetic Protein pool after dog”s primary tooth pulpotomy. Methods: twenty-four teeth (third and fourth lower premolars) of 6 dogs were divided according to the materials used: Group I – Test: BMP (Gen-pro®/ Baumer) in 18 teeth, and Group II - Control: Calcium Hydroxide PA (Biodinâmica) in 6 teeth. At two post-operative periods of 7±2 days and 40±5 days (ISO nº 7405: 1997), the animals were sacrificed. Results: histological analysis, in the period of 7±2 days, Group I presented an intense chronic inflammatory infiltrate, rich in macrophages and neutrophils, giant multinucleated cells, empty spaces of external reabsorption and no odontoblastic layer. In Group II, necrotic pulp tissue, chronic inflammatory reaction with macrophages and giant multinucleated cells, absence of odontoblastic layer and internal reabsorption were noted. In the period of 40±5 days, Group I presented reabsorbed radicular remnants, external reabsorption, osteoclastic cells, newly-formed bone tissue and chronic inflammatory infiltrate. Group II showed external reabsorption, periodontal ligament replaced by granulation tissue and osteoclastic cells. Conclusions: both materials induced the development of response chronic inflammation with pulp necrosis, radicular reabsorption and new-bone formation without any pulp tissue repair.