Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate, histopathologically and radiographically, the pulpal and periapical response of dogs' teeth after pulpotomy and use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 7 (rHuBMP-7) associated to recombinant human collagen (rHuCollagen). Methods: For such purpose, 60 teeth, from 6 dogs, were divided in 8 groups, in experimental periods of 7 days (Groups I, II, III, IV) and 70 days (Groups V, VI, VII, VIII). Pulp remnant was covered with the following materials: Groups I and V- rHuBMP-7/rHuCollagen; Groups II and VI- rHuCollagen; Groups III and VII– calcium hydroxide; Groups IV and VIII– zinc oxide and eugenol. At the established periods, the animals were killed and the anatomic pieces were obtained and processed. The radiographic evaluation was performed considering the integrity of the lamina dura, presence of periapical bone rarefaction, root resorption and dentin bridge formation. The results were analyzed using Fisher's Exact test and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Groups I and II presented a severe inflammatory infiltrate and Group III and IV presented a mild and moderate one respectively. There was no dentin bridge formation and the periapical region had normal appearance. Groups V, VI and VIII showed no dentin bridge formation and pulp tissue presented necrotic areas with inflammatory cells in the periapical region as well as bone and cemental resorption, being the largest lesions found in Group VI (p<0.05). In Group VII, there was dentin bridge formation, intact lamina dura and absence of periapical inflammatory process. Conclusion: The rHuBMP-7/rHuCollagen did not present satisfactory results neither induction of deposition of mineralized tissue.

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