Biochemical markers of bone metabolism have been identified in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) from stably integrated implants, suggesting their potential to assess early bone healing events for dental implants. Objective: To identify formative and resorptive biomarkers in PICF during the metabolically active integration period. Methods: Four type 2 diabetes mellitus patients without clinically diagnosed co-morbidities were assessed over 4 months following implant placement. PICF samples were collected at weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 16 following implant placement. PICF was collected by placing methylcellulose strips into the sulcus along the mesial and distal surfaces of each implant for 30 s. Strips were pooled per patient visit, and PICF quantified by weight. Samples were stored at –80oC. For analysis, PICF samples were eluted from methylcellulose strips using PBS containing 0.1% BSA and centrifugation. Biomarkers, pyridinoline (PYD; resorptive) and osteocalcin (OC; formative), were quantified by competitive enzyme immunoassay. Results: Samples were collected at all points except for week 12 in one patient, providing 23 measurable samples with a mean PICF volume of 1.8 uL/visit. PYD and OC markers were identified in all 23 PICF samples. Mean OC levels were 1.614 + 0.016 nmol, peaking at the 6-week time point. Mean levels of PYD were 1.137 + 0.014 nmol per sample, with maximal levels found at the 4th-week. There were no significant variations over time (p>0.58, ANOVA) for either biomarker. There was a negative correlation between biomarkers (-0.18) overall, and over the first 8 weeks (-0.31). Conclusions: This pilot study is the first report in type 2 diabetes patients of identifiable biomarkers for bone metabolism in the PICF of implants during the active healing period. This supports a potential role for both OC and PYD as markers assessing bone turnover following implant placement. Project supported by CoStar grant (#DE14318).

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