Purpose: Little information is available on the long-term success of biocompatibility of new dental ceramics. The objective of this study is to evaluate effects of different types of dental ceramic materials on cell viability and IL-6, IL-8, Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance (TBARS) release in human gingival fibroblast cultures as an indicator of their biological performance under experimental conditions. Materials and Methods: The human gingival fibroblast cells were exposed to four commercial dental ceramics (2 different feldspathic veneer ceramics (Vita Omega and Ivoclar), lithium disilicate pressable materials (Empress-2) and yttria-stabilized zirconia specimens (Denzir). The cytotoxicity was determined by the mitochondrial suppression (MTT) method after aging for 2 weeks in a biological solution. Assays for IL-6, IL-8 were carried out by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analysis was performed applying Results: No significant (p<0.05) cytotoxicity was observed in all ceramics except to Empress-2 before and after aging. The concentration of IL-6, IL-8 and TBARS levels was not statistically different from control. But, Empress-2 was cytotoxic initially and become more cytotoxic again after aging. The highest release of IL-6, IL-8 and TBARS was observed Empress 2 before and after aging (% of control, not significant). Vita Omega and Ivoclar were less cytotoxic initially and after aging. Denzir was the least cytotoxic and did not cytotoxic again after aging. At all test samples, increase on the release of cytotoxicity, IL-6, IL-8 and TBARS was seen with aging. But, this increase was not considered as significant except Empress 2. Conclusion: Apart from Empress-2 no test sample was displayed cytotoxicity by aging. However, release of IL-6, IL-8 and TBARS were in parallel to cytotoxicity values. Therefore, the low in vitro cytotoxicity and IL-6, IL-8 and TBARS levels including Denzir was confirmed.

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