Early Childhood Caries in Two Different Socioeconomic Districts of Mongolia

*0925 Early Childhood Caries in Two Different Socioeconomic Districts of Mongolia*
B. JIGJID¹, S. FURUKAWA¹, K. SHINADA¹, Y. KAWAGUCHI¹, and P. NYANRAG², ¹Tokyo Medical & Dental University, Japan, ²State Dental Center, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia Objective: In Mongolia very few epidemiological studies have been undertaken, particularly studies encompassed preschool children. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and severity of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) among Mongolian children from 2 different socioeconomic districts. Methods: The total number of the subjects was 544 (male 50.4%): 3 year olds (n=80), 4 year olds (n=141), 5 year olds (n=192) and 6 year olds (n=131). Children were living in the central (n=262) and suburb districts (n=282) of Ulaanbaatar city. Oral health examination on dental caries and oral hygiene level and questionnaire survey were conducted in 2004. Questionnaire items were socioeconomic status, oral hygiene behavior and eating habits. Results: In central district, the prevalence of ECC and dmft were 3-year-olds: 94%, 6.6, 4-year-olds: 93%, 7.6, 5-year-olds: 97%, 8.8 and 6-year-olds: 100%, 8.8 respectively. In suburb district, those were 3-year-olds: 80%, 4.0, 4-year-olds: 91%, 5.7, 5-year-olds: 94%, 6.7 and 6-year-olds: 86%, 5.8 respectively. The main component of dmft was decayed teeth. Caries prevalence and dmft of children in central district were higher than those in suburb district. Differences between 2 districts in all age groups were statistically significant (p<0.01). Majority of children had a habit of tooth-brushing, however oral hygiene level was not so good. The percentages of families with higher income were 64% in central and 8% in suburb districts. High parental income was related with high caries rate (p<0.01). Parents' low education level and frequency of eating sweets were also significantly associated to high caries level (p<0.05). Gender and oral hygiene behavior were not related to ECC. Conclusion: Results of this study indicated that ECC is a big public health problem in Mongolia. Further detail investigation should be necessary and urgent implementation of appropriate oral health promotion programs for preventing ECC is needed.
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