Objectives: This study evaluated the coronal microleakage of sealed root canals previously treated with Er:YAG and Nd:YAG laser. Methods: The crowns of one hundred and one single-rooted maxillary canines were removed at the cemento-enamel junction. The chemical-mechanical preparation was performed by the crown-down technique up to a # 50 file with distilled water for irrigation. The teeth were divided into 9 groups of 11 teeth each and 2 teeth were used as negative and 2 teeth as positive controls. Group I received a final irrigation of 2 ml EDTAC for 5 min. Groups II to V were irradiated with Er:YAG laser at the following parameters: 8 Hz and 200 mJ, 8 Hz and 400 mJ, 16 Hz and 200 mJ, 16 Hz and 400 mJ, respectively for 60 s. Groups VI to IX were treated with Nd:YAG laser at the following parameters: 10 Hz and 1 W, 10 Hz and 2 W, 15 Hz and 1 W, 15 Hz and 2 W, respectively for 60 s. The root canals were sealed by the lateral condensation technique with an epoxy-based sealer and were kept in distilled water at 37°C during 3 times the setting time of the sealer. The teeth were then impermeabilized excluding the coronal third, immersed in India ink for 15 days and then cleared to visualization and evaluation of coronal microleakage. Results: The Kruskal-Wallis test was applied and did not show significant statistical differences for the frequency and potency of both lasers (p>0.01). Conclusion: We conclude that the application of Er:YAG and Nd:YAG lasers at different parameters on root canal walls did not influence microleakage of the tested sealer.

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