Objectives: We studied the effect of 166Holmium-Chitosan complex as a kind of internal radiation therapy which had been applied to liver cancer previously with goof result, to oral cancer via subcutaneous injection and establish possibility of clinical application. Methods: We inoculated Balb/c/nu mice with oral cancer cell line (KB cell line : ATCC, USA). After it reach somewhat size (294-772mm3), we injected 166Holmium-Chitosan intratumorally. Autopsy was done after 2 weeks later. In control group, equal normal saline was injected instead of 166Holmium-Chitosan. We calculate ralative tumor volume change and performed Tunnel test for apoptosis and immunohistochemical study for VEGF Results: Comparing with control group, experimental group showed about 5 times tumor growth inhibition. It suppressed tumor growth safely. TUNEL-positive nuclei could be seen from 2 days and VEGF was expressed less than control group Conclusions: Internal radiation therapy using 166Holmium-Chitosan complex can be new treatment modality in oral cancer, especially primary site control and palliative treatment

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