Objectives: The aim of the study was to analyse the influence of different restaurations with or without posts on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated and reconstructed premolars. Methods: 30 extracted human lower premolars were restored with six different methods: (1) mod-composite filling (CF) (Admira®, Voco, Germany); (2) Ti-post (ER, Komet, Germany) with composite core and full metal crown (PCC-MC); (3) partial metal crown (PMC); (4) Ti-post with cast metal core and metal crown (PMC-MC); (5) ceramic endo-crown (CEC) (Wolceram); (6) ceramic inlay (CI). The teeth were stressed by thermocycling (5000 times; 5°C-55°C), embedded in a pseudo-realistic model derived from measurements at fresh cadavers (Paladur®, Heraeus Kulzer, Germany; FITT®, SDS-Kerr, Italy), and subjected to a long term occlusal loading procedure (30.000 cycles; 50 N at random in axial and in both 45° oral and vestibular direction). Following this, the teeth were fractured by a Zwick device (45° vestibular direction, feed rate 1mm/min). Results: The mean values of fracture resistance were: CF 1021 ± 110 N; PCC-MC 873 ± 201 N; PMC 1040 ± 67 N; PMC-MC 586 ± 82 N; EC 823 ± 192 N; CI 839 ± 350 N. One-way ANOVA (a = 0.05, Post hoc test according to Fisher¢s PLSD) revealed significant differences between CF/PMC-MC (p = 0.002), PMC/ PMC-MC (p = 0.001), CI/ PMC-MC (p = 0.050) and PCC-MC/ PMC-MC (p = 0.027). Conclusions: Metal post with cast core reconstructions show significantly decreased fracture resistance compared to all other restorative measures of the teeth studied.

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