Objectives: To study the ultra-morphological nature of the interaction of a new self-etch adhesive, AdheSE (Ivoclar Vivadent), with enamel and dentin. Methods: Enamel - Three extracted molars were used to study the enamel etching pattern. Half of each proximal surface was roughened with a bur for 5 s (prep). The other surface was left intact (unprep). Teeth were treated with the self-etch material and restored with Tetric Flow. Teeth were immersed in 6N HCL for 24 h to dissolve the enamel and 10 min in 5% NaOCl to remove organic debris. Dentin – The occlusal enamel was removed from four extracted third molars. Four dentin disks with a thickness of 800 ± 200 µm were obtained from middle dentin. The adhesive system AdheSE (Ivoclar Vivadent) was applied to the dentin surfaces, as per manufacturer's instructions. A 1-mm thick layer of a flowable composite resin (Tetric FLOW) was applied to the treated dentin. The restored disks were cross-sectioned in two identical halves. One half from each specimen was processed for FESEM, while the other half was processes and sectioned with a diamond knife for TEM. Results: On enamel, AdheSE resulted in a well-defined etching pattern when enamel was instrumented. This etching pattern was comparable, or better, than the etching pattern of other current self-etching primers studied in our laboratory. On dentin, AdheSE formed a 0.7-1.3 µm thick acid-resistant resin-dentin interdiffusion zone or hybrid layer, as observed in the FESEM and TEM micrographs. The new self-etching adhesive penetrated profusely into dentinal tubules up to 90 µm in all the specimens analyzed. Conclusions: AdheSE penetrated instrumented enamel and formed a dense dentin hybrid layer. Supported by Ivoclar Vivadent.

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