Urban populations are notably different from rural population in some aspects such as scholarity, access to health service, employment rate, etc.Objectives: The main objectives of this work are: * to evaluate oral health conditions (caries, gingival conditions and fluorosis), as well as the need of dental treatment in 6-12 year-old children ( N=242) from 9 different rural public schools; * to institute educational proceedings for groups as well as individual directions of correct oral hygiene; *to give printed instructions to help teachers reinforce the educational topics with their students. Methods: The research was done by two dentists under natural light, with wood spatulas and using gauge to dry the teeth. Indexes used: DMFT/dmft, Modified Löe and Silness Gingival Index and Thylstrup and Fejerskov Index ( TFI). Results: The average of the results obtained per age were: * DMFT/dmft 3,5/6; 3,5/7; 3,35/8; 3,28/9; 1,57/10; 2,0/11; 1,71/12; * Löe and Silness Gingival Index (0) : 81,8%/6; 76,0%/7; 62,7%/8; 69,8%/9; 86,4%/10; 73,3%/11; 71,4%/12; * TFI (0) 95,5%/6; 92,0%/7; 100,0%/8; 96,2%/9; 97,7%/10; 93,3%/11; 100,0%/12. Conclusion: At the age of 7 years old, the goal proposed by W.H.O. for the year 2000 was reached, but at the age of 6 years old only 27,3% of the children donxt have caries ( the goal was 50%). Fluorosis, which might be considered a public health problem, had a low occurrence ( 96% of children with TFI equals to 0). The analysed part of the city doesnxt have fluoridated water. Concerning the gingival index, the obtained results sugget stronger emphasis in educational actions in oral health and hygienization.

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