A resin sealer may improve the surface finish of a polished provisional restoration. Objective: The effect of resin sealer (Palaseal) on surface roughness of acrylic (Trim, T) and composite (Integrity, I) provisional materials when polished using 3 techniques (A,B,C) was measured. Technique A was Mylar, carbide bur, then aluminum oxide discs (Sof-lex) and then sealer. B was Mylar, Sof-lex discs and then sealer. C was Mylar, carbide bur and then Sof-lex discs (control). Methods: Specimens 2-mm thick and 10 mm in diameter were prepared against a Mylar strip. Specimens were divided into 3 groups for each material (n=5). Five tracings were recorded per specimen. Surface roughness (µm) was measured using a profilometer. Baseline measurements of Mylar surfaces were made first, followed by measurements after use of one of the 3 techniques. Results: Means and standard deviations were calculated. Means were compared by analysis of variance. Tukey-Kramer intervals (p=0.05) for comparisons between materials and among techniques were 0.02 and 0.03 µm. For treatments A and B, roughness ranged from 0.02 to 0.05 µm. There were no statistical differences between materials or treatments A and B. For the control, C, the acrylic (T, 0.32 µm) had a rougher surface than the composite (I, 0.24 µm). Conclusions: Coating acrylic and composite provisional materials with resin sealer after use of carbide bur and aluminum oxide disks decreased the surface roughness.

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