Objectives: the objective of this study was to investigate the in vitro pH changes in root dentin following intra-canal placement of Roeko Calcium Hydroxide Plus points. Methods: The in vitro pH changes in root dentin over a period of two weeks was investigated in 48 extracted bicuspids following intra-canal placement of either Roeko Calcium Hydroxide Plus points, aqueous calcium hydroxide paste or gutta percha points (control group) after root canal preparation. Microelectrodes were placed in outer and inner root dentin at cervical, middle and apical thirds of the root to measure the pH at 1h, 2h, 3h, 1 day, 3 days, 7 days and 14 days. Results: Roeko Calcium Hydroxide Plus points reached a peak inner dentine pH 11.67 and a peak outer dentine pH 10.82 at three hours. In addition, Roeko Calcium Hydroxide Plus point maintained an outer dentine pH above 9.5 for about 2 days while the aqueous calcium hydroxide paste did not manage to reach this pH. However, the alkalinity in dentin with Roeko Calcium Hydroxide Plus point was maintained for 7 days only while aqueous calcium hydroxide paste maintained an alkaline environment throughout the two-week period. Conclusions: Roeko Calcium Hydroxide Plus points have the potential for clinical application, but improvements to produce a more sustained release will be required.

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