Objectives: This multidisciplinary study was outlined aiming at evaluating the oral health conditions in the Japanese-Brazilian population, ages between 30 and 92 years, from both genders their relations with diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: In the first phase, issei and nisei subjects were determined, being the sample comprised of 1315 individuals. In the second phase, an informative letter was handed to the patients who signed the Term of Agreement and the medical, laboratorial and oral exams were performed at the Craniofacial Anomalies Rehabilitation Hospital-USP. Results: For data analyses, subjects within impaired glucose tolerance were not taken into account. Normal individuals (Group 1) and those diabetic (Group 2) were randomly paired according to age, resulting in 450 subjects (225 in each group). In Group 1, 27.1% were edentulous and in Group 2, 36.0% edentulous, as tested by chi-square. For Group 2, edentulism presented with O.R.=1.51; C.I.=95% ( 1.01 - 2.56). Conclusion: Edentulism showed to be significantly related to diabetes Mellitus.

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