Objective: The aim of this study was to assess in vitro the demineralization and the dye penetration around oclusal sealants submitted to thermocycling and demineralization/remineralization cycling model. Methods: The 152 enamel oclusal slabs were randomly divided into a control group (C), which received no sealant treatment, and the experimental groups (E), treated by the different sealants: resin sealant (Alpha seal - A), fluoride-containing sealant (Fluroshield - F) and resin-modified glass ionomer (Vitremer - V). These groups were divided according to the cycling applied: 1. subgroups C1, EF1, EV1 and EA1, submitted to thermocycling; 2. subgroups C2, EF2, EV2 and EA2, submitted to thermocycling and pH cycling model. All the sample were evaluated independently and blindly by three previously calibrated examiners, to provide representatives scores (0-2) according to the presence and severity of the caries-like lesions. After, the specimens were immersed in 0.5% methyl blue solution for 8 hours, and sectioned longitudinally. The dye penetration at the sealant/enamel interface was evaluated according to the scoring system (0-3) by three examiners. Results: The medians of the representative scores were: Demineralization: C1(0.0), C2(2.0), EF1(0.0), EF2(2.0), EV1(0.0), EV2(1.0), EA1(0.0), EA2(2.0). Microleakage: C1(3.0), C2(3.0), EF1(0.0), EF2(2.0), EV1(3.0), EV2(3.0), EA1(0.0), EA2(1.0). Data were submitted to Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (p<0.05). Conclusions: These results showed the effectiveness of the glass ionomer cement in preventing the formation of severe white spot lesions. As for the microleakage degree, the resin sealant showed the best fissure protection.

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