Objectives: Peptide-enhanced (P-15) bone replacement grafts have demonstrated clinical and histologic success in human periodontal defects. Dispersion of P-15 in a flowable carboxymethylcellulose carrier (P-15 flow) improves handling properties of the graft. This study was conducted to compare the healing of P-15 to P-15 flow in 8 mongrel dogs.

Methods: After full thickness flap reflection, 6mm diameter fenestrations were made in the mid-root of both maxillary canines in each dog. Periodontal ligament (PDL) and cementum (CEM) was removed with hand root planing. Each defect was randomly filled with P-15 or P-15 flow and the flaps closed with sutures. CHX spray was applied daily. Block sections were retrieved at 3 and 8 weeks for histologic processing. Four 6µ step serial sections in the center of the defects were used for histologic analysis. Do to small “N”, statistical analysis not performed.

Results: Clinical healing was uneventful. There was no evidence of inflammation or adverse tissue reactions with either material. The healing response was essentially similar for both forms of the material at both time periods. Both materials were associated with new bone and new CEM formation at 3 and 8 weeks. The only differences were a greater amount of vascularity at both times and a greater amount of new bone formation at 8 weeks with P-15 flow. The amount of regeneration (bone, PDL, CEM) of the defect was 10 –15% with P-15 flow and 5 –10% with P-15 at 3 weeks and 90 – 100% P-15 flow and 60 – 70% P-15 at 8 weeks.

Conclusions: While both materials yielded satisfactory healing, the results of this study suggest that P-15 flow resulted in earlier and more complete regeneration of fenestration defects in dogs compared to particulate P-15.

Supported by: Dentsply CeraMed and Louisiana Periodontics Support Fund

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