The duration of comprehensive orthodontic treatment shows considerable variation. Patients whose treatment lasted 36 months or longer may have predictive pre-treatment characteristics which determine treatment duration. Objective: to identify and analyze pre-treatment characteristics of the extended treatment duration group (treatment lasting 36 months or greater, n=331) and compare them to the normal treatment duration group (treatment lasting 24-30 months, n=318). Methods: the OSU orthodontic archival records data were grouped based on treatment duration. Pre-treatment characteristics were gender, headgear use, surgical intervention, age status (child < 10, adolescent 10 £ x £ 18, adult > 18) and pre-treatment PAR (peer assessment rating) score. Data were analyzed using logistic regression. Results:

Variable	Estimate	SE	Odds Ratio	P value
Gender	0.2052	-0.244	0.976 (0.679,1.403)	0.8954
Surgery	0.0322	-0.2525	0.777 (0.304,1.983)	0.5974
Headgear	0.5087	0.1911	1.663 (1.144,2.419)	0.0078
Adolescent v. child	-1.2356	0.5747	0.291 (0.094,0.897)	0.0316
Adult v. child	-1.1546	0.6193	0.315 (0.094,1.061)	0.0623
Pre-PAR	0.0322	0.00998	0.315 (1.013,1.053)	0.0012

Conclusions: 1. Extended treatment duration is more likely with headgear usage. 2. An adolescent is more likely to have extended treatment duration than a child. 3. Individuals with higher pre-PAR score (more severe malocclusion) are more likely to have extended treatment duration.

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