Objectives: Isomalt^® , a non-cariogenic sweetener, has been reported to enhance remineralization in vitro. The aim of this study is to evaluate in situ enhancement of enamel remineralization by a toothpaste containing Isomalt^® . Methods: A double-blind cross-over design was employed with in situ exposure comparing a placebo toothpaste with 500ppm fluoride to a test toothpaste containing Isomalt^® and 500ppm fluoride. Intra-oral fixtures were fitted to each of 12 participants to hold bovine enamel slabs. The enamel slabs were embedded in these devices and immersed in a demineralizing solution to form a subsurface lesion. Participants were asked to wear the fixtures equipped with the enamel slab during waking hours, but to remove them during meals and before sleeping. They were asked to brush with either a placebo or test toothpaste according to their normal habits for 2 months. At the end of 1 month and 2 months of use, the enamel specimens were collected and the mineral loss (DZ) and mineral gain (DDZ) values were determined by transversal microradiography. The index of remineralization was calculated as DDZ / DZ x 100. Results: After 1 month, the indices of remineralization for the placebo and test groups were 10±15% and 22±16%, respectively. The index for the test group was significantly higher than for the placebo group (p<0.05). After 2 months, the index for the test group was also higher than for the placebo group, although there was no statistically significant difference. Conclusions: This in situ study suggests toothpaste containing Isomalt^® may have an ability to enhance enamel remineralization.

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